Parathyroid Adenomas Treatment In india

What are Parathyroid Adenomas?

Parathyroid adenomas are benign swellings that develop in the parathyroid glands, four small hormone-producing glands located behind the thyroid. These glands play a vital role in regulating calcium levels in the blood by releasing a hormone known as parathormone. When benign tumors form in the parathyroid glands, they are referred to as parathyroid adenomas.

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Problems Caused by Parathyroid Adenomas

Parathyroid adenomas lead to a condition called primary hyperparathyroidism. This condition results in the excessive secretion of parathormone, causing elevated levels of calcium in the blood. Elevated calcium levels can give rise to various health issues.

Symptoms of Parathyroid Adenomas

Parathyroid adenomas can be asymptomatic and are sometimes discovered during routine health check-ups. In other cases, symptoms of elevated blood calcium may include:

Psychological disturbances

Kidney stone formation due to excess calcium deposition in the kidneys

Weakness in bones, sometimes leading to fractures and bone swellings known as pseudotumors

Inflammation of the pancreas, known as acute pancreatitis

Consequences of Untreated Parathyroid Adenomas

Neglecting the treatment of parathyroid adenomas can lead to severe and life-threatening situations. Complications may include:

Dangerous conditions like acute pancreatitis
Cardiac rhythm abnormalities that can be fatal
Extremely high calcium levels necessitating ICU admission

Diagnosis of Parathyroid Adenomas

The suspicion of parathyroid adenomas arises from high calcium levels in the blood (normal range: 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dl). Elevated calcium levels prompt the consideration of parathyroid adenomas. However, other conditions can also result in increased calcium levels.

Diagnosis involves checking serum parathormone levels, which are typically elevated. A sestamibi scan, performed by the nuclear medicine department, is a crucial test for locating parathyroid adenomas. In some cases, a specialised neck CT scan may be necessary.

Treatment of Parathyroid Adenomas

The primary and most effective treatment for parathyroid adenomas is surgery. The affected parathyroid gland, harbouring the adenoma, must be surgically removed through a small incision in the neck. This surgical procedure is known as parathyroidectomy.

Challenges in the surgery may include difficulty in locating the abnormal gland or the presence of multiple glands with parathyroid adenomas. When the gland is well-localized preoperatively, minimally invasive parathyroidectomy can be performed through a small incision.

Possible Complications After Surgery

In experienced hands, parathyroid surgery is generally safe with minimal risks. Possible complications may include temporary weakness of the nerve supplying the vocal cords, which typically recovers within a few days. There is also a slight risk of not finding the parathyroid adenoma, resulting in inadequate reductions in calcium levels.

By presenting this information in a more engaging and user-friendly style, your website can provide valuable insights into parathyroid adenomas and their management.

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